Children Young People1. Parents of a 2-year-old ask whether they should give regular paracetamol during every fever to stop a febrile convulsion. He is otherwise well between illnesses. What is the most appropriate advice? Select TWO correct statements.Select all that apply.A. Most appropriate: Antipyretics should be used to relieve distress, not solely to reduce temperature or prevent febrile convulsionsB. The following is not the most appropriate next step: Regular antipyretics should be used whenever the temperature exceeds 38 C to prevent seizuresC. Most appropriate: Tepid sponging plus ibuprofen every 4 hours is the evidence-based prevention strategyD. Most appropriate: A 3-day course of oral prednisolone with each viral illness prevents febrile convulsionsCheck
Children Young People2. It is November. A 5-month-old infant has 3 days of coryza then a moist cough, fine crackles and a wheeze, and is taking about 80 percent of usual feeds. Oxygen saturations are 96 percent in air. What is the most likely diagnosis? Select TWO correct statements.Select all that apply.A. Most appropriate: Viral bronchiolitisB. The following is not the most appropriate next step: Acute bacterial pneumonia requiring immediate intravenous antibioticsC. Most appropriate: First presentation of atopic asthma needing a preventer inhaler todayD. Most appropriate: Croup with predominant lower-airway obstructionCheck
Children Young People3. A 7-month-old with typical bronchiolitis is feeding well, saturations 95 percent, mild recession only. Parents ask for antibiotics 'to stop it going to the chest'. What is the most appropriate action?A. Start oral amoxicillin for 5 daysB. Start oral prednisolone for 3 daysC. Do not prescribe antibiotics; safety-net and explain the viral causeD. Give a salbutamol inhaler via spacer to take homeCheck
Children Young People4. A 2-year-old has a barking cough and hoarse voice after a cold. He is playful, drinking, has no stridor at rest and saturations 98 percent. What is the most appropriate first-line drug treatment if medication is indicated?A. Regular inhaled salbutamol via a spacerB. Nebulised adrenaline in the surgery then immediate dischargeC. A 5-day course of oral amoxicillinD. Oral dexamethasoneCheck
Children Young People5. A 10-week-old breastfed infant regurgitates milk after most feeds but is thriving, settled, and has a normal examination. What is the most appropriate next step?A. Start a proton pump inhibitor for 8 weeksB. Switch immediately to an amino-acid formulaC. Refer for urgent upper gastrointestinal endoscopyD. Reassure that posseting is common and continue breastfeeding with safety-nettingCheck
Children Young People6. A 10-week-old who is not yet rolling is brought because of a bruise on the cheek. The parents say they are unsure how it happened. The infant is otherwise well. What is the most appropriate action? The most appropriate action is: Refer the same day to children's social care and the paediatric safeguarding pathwayTRUE. TrueFALSE. FalseCheck
Children Young People7. A parent of a 3-year-old feels a firm, non-tender mass in the left flank. The child is otherwise well. Blood pressure is 118/78 mmHg. What is the most appropriate referral timing? The most appropriate action is: Routine paediatric outpatient appointment in 3 monthsTRUE. TrueFALSE. FalseCheck
Children Young People8. A 2-year-old has had fever for 6 days, red cracked lips, non-exudative conjunctival injection and a truncal rash. He is miserable. What is the most appropriate next step? The most appropriate action is: Reassure that 6 days of fever is typical of simple viral illnessTRUE. TrueFALSE. FalseCheck
Children Young People9. A 13-year-old boy with obesity has a 3-week limp and pain in the left knee. Hip examination shows limited internal rotation. He is afebrile. What is the most likely diagnosis?A. Osgood-Schlatter disease as the only explanationB. Slipped upper femoral epiphysisC. Growing pains that can be observed for 6 monthsD. Primary osteoarthritis of the kneeCheck
Children Young People10. A 14-year-old girl attends alone and is assessed as understanding the nature, purpose, benefits and risks of a proposed non-urgent treatment. What legal framework most specifically describes her ability to consent?A. Gillick competenceB. Fraser guidelines, which apply to all treatments in under-16sC. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 two-stage test used identically at all ages including toddlersD. Parental responsibility, which always overrides a competent under-16's consentCheck